Electrical system of regulation.



W. A. TURBAYNE.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF REGULATION.

APPLICATION FILD 'APR.291 1911.

1 ,1 97, 1 60. Yate-nted Sept. 5, 1916.

nnrrED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

wrr' 1AM A. Terminus, or NIAGABA FALLS, NEW YORK, nssr'onon, BY nnsm:csxsumnn'rs, To U: s. LIGHT & HEAT conrona'rxon, or NIAGARA FALLS, mew

iii, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM OF REGULATION.

sac.

Application filed April 29, 2911.

.1, m civic-22?. may concern T am that I, WILLIAM A. Tuanor. of theUnited States, residgara Falls, in the county of Niagtc of New York,have invented cl Improvements in Electrical of Regulation, of which thefol; full, clear, concise, and exact an, reference being bad to thedrawing, forming a part of this n. My invention relates to an electricalregulator and to a system employing such a regulator.

Ou of the objects of the invention is to regulator adapted to maintain yconstant the generator current d to the external circuit. object is toprovide means for .2 v the generator voltage so that the cu .ntfurnished to the storage rm-ag a part of the system, will 'cidcdlyreduced as the battery approa a fully charged condition. Another objectis to provide a regulator whi l1 will he very sensitive in operation.

"ih iirrention may be embodied in various or-ms. In the accompanyingdraw ings l have illustrated a car lighting sys- 3w tern hiring aregulator which embodies the main features of the invention. Theregulator of course, assume other forms and may oe employed in othersystems.

i the rawings:-Figure 1 illustrates unn'iatically, the car lightingsystem lI'PLi to. Fig. 2 illustrates diagrammati- U a modified form ofregulator from tout. shown in. Fig. 1.

in the system illustrated, an axle-driven 'QilllfzlL-OI' is shown,having an armature l and a slant field winding 2. The generator suppliesthe external circuit 3, 4, across whi coi'mected in parallel branches.The generator field strength, and consequently the generator output, iscontrolledby a variable resistance 7 which is illustrated as being avariable pressure rheostat comprisconta ting resistance plates. Thepressu e on the series of plates determines the resistance of thegenerator field circuit. 1 0.. pressure is controlled by the controllingwinding 8 connected in series with the resistance across the generatorterminals Specification of Batters Patent.

the storage battery 5 and lamp circuit PatentedSept. 5, 1916. Serial No.824,141.

and, therefore, responsive to generator voltage.

.The controlling winding 8 is normally shortcircuited by acontactcarried by the re ilient reed- 19. This reed is adapted to ate raoidiyand thereby rapidly make a2 1 break b e short circuit around theconhurling 8. The vibration of the cli'ected by'the operating winding isconnected as a shunt across the 32 connected in series in the externalcircuit.- The coil 11 'will be subject to current variationsproportionate to the current delivered by the generator. A resistonce 13is connected across the contacts to reduce the sparking when the reed isvibrating. The potential windin 14 acts accumulatively with thc"wind1ng11 and is connected across the generator terminals through theresistance 13. It is, therefore,

subjected to the generator voltage.

The mechanical connections between the the action of the plunger andassociated parts, and thereby prevent sudden fluctuations in thegenerator field resistance.

An automatic switch 19, which may be of any suitable type, is connectedin the external circuit between the regulator and the storage battery.Any suitable switch 20 may be used to open and close the lamp circuit,the voltage of which may be confined within proper limits by anysuitable regula-,

tor 21.

The regulator illustrated in Fig. 2 is the same as that illustrated inFig. 1 except that the potential winding is omitted. Inthis form ofregulator, therefore, which is adapted for constant current regulation,the magnetization of the relay-core is effected solely by theenergization of the coil 11.

1' will consider first the system as'operating to maintain constantcurrent. When the generator armature begins to rotate, the fieldstrength builds up rapidly and the voltage rises with the specduntil thebattery voltage is equaled or slightly exceeded by the generatorvoltage, whereupon .the automatic switch closes and the generatorcarries the lamp load and charges the battery. The regulator shown inFig. 2 has its vibratile 'reed so adjusted that the normal predeter ofthe system If this preto the desired normal, whereupon the reedpermitted to spring back to again short-circuit the winding 8. Thisaction will herepeated at a very high rate of speed, so that theeffective current admitted to the 00ntrolling winding 8 will, at anyspeed of the generator, be just sufficient to insure the insertion ofthe proper value of resistance in the generator field circuit tomaintain the proper generator current output.

The winding 11 and the corresponding resistance 12 are located in themain external circuit in order that said winding may tend to regulatefor constant generator current. it is obvious, however, that saidwinding and said resistance may be otherwise located where it is desiredto regulate for constant current in the battery branch.

T he. regulator illustrated in Fig. 1 includes the potential coil 14previously described. In this case the current-responsive winding 11will consist simply of a few turns. The potential winding 14 gives thepredominating magnetizing effect, the "Winding 11 acting simply as amodifying coil, as hereinafterdescribed. The potential Winoling 1 1acting alone would tend to regulate the generator so as to maintain itsterminal voltage at a value sufliciently high to furnish a chargingcurrent to the battery against the maximum counter-electro-motive forcethereof. This generator voltage might be altogether too high to impressacross the battery in a more or less depleted condition. Hence the fewturns of the winding 11 in the same direction as the Winding 14 act tomodify the regulation so es to reduce the regulator voltage sufficientlyto prevent an abnormal charging current from being delivered to thebattery. This is effected by a modification in the vibration of the reed10 in such a manner that the effective energization of the winding 8 isincreased, whereupon the resistance 7 is increased to weaken thegenerator field.

the current entering the same will fall off decidedly in value untilwhen a substantially fully charged condition is obtained, the bat terycharging current will be practically suppressed or reduced to the.ininimum value required to maintain the battery counterclectro-motiveforce at a voltage substantially equaling the predetermined voltage.This predeteri'nined voltage is the voltage across the generatorterminals determined by the voltage winding 14. It is apparent that evenif the external circuit is open, the generator voltage cannot rise abovethis predetern'iincd voltage.

it will be noticed that the potential coil H is connected directlyacross the generator terminals when the relay contacts are closed. Whenthe contacts are open, the resistance 13 is included in the branchcircuit contain ing the winding 14, so that at such periods a decidedreduction in the effectiveness of the winding 14 is obtained, wherebythe reed 10 instantaneously springs back to initial position. A veryhigh rate of vibration is thereby effected, the resistance 13 alsoacting to suppress the tendency toward sparking at the contacts as inthe previous case.

As shown in Fig. 1 both the 'iotential winding 14 and the currentwinding 11 are mounted as part of the same regulator. lherefore, saidpotential winding may be connected in circuit as part of the regulatoror it may be disconnected therefrom whereby one regulator may be usedfor both systems of regulation described above.

I do not desire to limit myself to-the above embodiments of myll'lVQIliJlO'fl, but desire to include any suitable equivalent means foraccomplishing the-desired results and falling within the scope of theappended claims.

I claim as my invention,

1. A system of electrical regulation com prising a generator having ashunt field winding, an external circuit for said generator, a variableresistance in the generator field circuit for varying the generatoroutput and means for controlling said resistance, said means including acontrolling winding connected across the generator terminals, and avibratory relay normally short circuiting said controlling winding.

2. A system of electrical regulation comprising a generator having ashunt fieldwinding, an external circuit for said generator, a variableresistance in the generator field circuit for varylng the generatoroutput and means for controlling said resistance, said means including acontrolling winding connected across the generator terminals, and acurrent responsive vibratory relay normally short circuiting saidcontrolling winding, but adapted upon predetermined current increase torapidly vibrate to permit the; energization of said contor, a variableresistance in the generator field circuit for varying the generatorvoltage, and means for controlling said resistance, said means includinga controlling winding connected across the generator terminals, a membernormally short circuiting said controlling winding, but adapted tovibrate rapidly to permit the energization of said controlling windingand a potential coil connected across the generator terminals toregulate said vibrations.

4. A system of electrical regulation comprising a generator having ashunt field winding, an external circuit for said generator, a variableresistance in the generator field circuit for regulating generatorvoltage and means for controlling said resistance, said means includinga controlling winding connected across the generator terminals, aresilient reed normally closing a short circuit around said controllingwinding, a voltage responsive winding adapted to cause the attraction ofsaid reed to open said short circuit and to vibrate said reed rapidly,and a current responsive winding adapted to act cumulatively with saidpotential Winding to reduce the generator current as the current in saidcurrent responsive coils tends to increase above a predetermined value.

A system of electrical regulation comprising a generator having a shuntfield winding, an external circuit supplied by said generator, a storagebattery and lamp circuit connected across said external circuit inparallel branches, a variable pressure rheostat connected in series withthe generator shunt field winding to regulate the generator output, acontrolling Winding for controlling the pressure on said variablepressure rheostat, a resilient reed normally short circuiting saidcontrolling winding to render the same inert, a voltage responsivewinding adapted upon predetermined voltage increase of the generator tocause vibration of said reed for the purpose of energizing saidcontrolling winding, to hold the generator voltage at a predeterminedvalue, and a current responsive winding acting cumulatively with saidvoltage responsive winding to qnodify the vibrations of said reed,whereby the energization of said current responsive winding is increasedwhen an abnormal charging current tends to be delivered to said batterywhereby said variable pressure rheostat is operated to reduce thegenerator output and hence the battery charging current.

6. A regulator for a variable speed generator comprising a resilientreed for nor mally short circuiting a controlling winding, said reedbeing adapted to vibrate rapidly to make and break said, short circuit,a high resistance connected across the make-andbreak contacts, a currentresponsive coil and a voltage responsive coil, each adapted whenenergized, to cause vibration of said reed, said voltage coil beingconnected in series with said make-and-break contacts, whereby said coilis substantially open circuited when said short circuiting contacts areseparated, whereby the energization of said coil is rapidly reduced toeffect a high rate of vi bration of said resilient reed.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presenceof two witnesses.

Gno. B. JoNEs, Max M. OPPENHEIM.

